Monsoon dynamics is the study of the large-scale circulation patterns that drive the seasonal reversal of winds and associated rainfall in tropical and subtropical regions. The monsoon is a prevalent weather phenomenon in regions such as South Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, and Australia, and plays a crucial role in shaping the climate, ecology, and economies of these areas. Research in monsoon dynamics focuses on understanding the interactions between the ocean, atmosphere, and land that drive the onset, intensity, and variability of monsoon rainfall. This includes studying the dynamics of the monsoon circulation, the influence of factors such as sea surface temperatures and land surface characteristics on monsoon behavior, and the role of climate change in altering monsoon patterns. By gaining a better understanding of monsoon dynamics, researchers aim to improve seasonal forecasting of monsoon rainfall, assess the potential impacts of climate change on monsoon systems, and develop strategies for managing risks associated with extreme monsoon events, such as floods and droughts.